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Lesson 14: using FTP (File transfer) LEARNING OBJECTIVE: One will learn what FTP is and how to use it. FTP Stands for File Transfer Protocol. FTP allows you to accessremote computers and retrieve files from these computers. Youcan find FTP in the menu of your Internet access software program. What sort of file(s) are available through FTP? There are hundreds of systems connected to the Internet that havefile libraries, or archives, accessible to the public. Much of thematerial in these file libraries consists of free or low-cost programsfor almost every kind of computer. If you want a different communications program for your IBM or Macintosh, or if you feellike playing a new game, you would probably be able to get it usingFTP. You can also find copies of historical documents (eg theMagna Carta), song lyrics, poems, even summaries of everyepisode ever made of your favourite animated TB series, or filesdetailing everything you could possibly want to know about theInternet itself. A typical FTP session consists of these seven steps: 1. Launch your FTP software (Fetch, Netscape, Minuet, and so on). 2. Tell your software the address of the computer you are seeking. 3. Tell the FTP server who you are (usually anonymous). 4. Enter the password when prompted. Most of the time, entering a password is optional for public sites. It is common Net courtesy to enter your entire e-mail address instead of just leaving things blank. 5. Browse the directories for files you want. 6. Get the files you want. 7. Log off (usually by typing quit, exit, or bye). After you log off the server, you can open the files you have downloaded by usinga wordprocessor for a text file, a graphics program for a picture, or a multimedia toolfor a QuickTime or other digital movie. Chances are you will not have an account with the remote computer site. So howdo you log on? Almost off remote computer sites that allow outside access use the user identification anonymous. By using the name anonymous, you are telling thatFTP site that you are not a regular user of that site, but you would still like to accessthat FTP site, look around, and retrieve files. So, when your FTP programmes asks forUser, you will type in the word: anonymous. Now you need to enter your password. If you log on as anonymous, you need to use your full Internet address for yourpassword. Eg jamieC@mynet.com.
Lesson 15: Downloading (Retrieving) Files from the Web Review methods of locating information and the process fordownloading graphics. (See FTP files)			Lesson 15: Using Archie (Another Search Tool) LEARNING OBJECTIVE: One will learn what Archie is and how to use it. Using FTP you can download all kinds of documents and softwareprograms from all over the world. The problem is that there arethousands of FTP sites. So how do you find that file on "how toimprove your baseball game?" that you have heard is out there. This is where you need the Archie program. Archie is another computer program that lets you type in searchwords to search for things. You can use Archie to search throughthousands of FTP databases all over the world for the file or filesthat contain the information you are looking for. Most FTP directories have a special file that is called an Index file. The Index file is a list of what information is contained in each file onthat particular computer. Think of an Index file like the index at theback of a book that tells you where in the book to go to find outabout a particular subject or to find out the definition of a particularword. The Archie catalogue maintains a list of about 1500 FTP sites wherealmost 3 million unique files are kept. These files contain over 200gigabytes of information. Archie can search this database for file locations when you give it akey word to search for. The Archie program will not actually get thefile for you, but it will tell you where you can find it. Once you knowthe file's name and location, you can use your FTP program to get it. There are three ways that you can use Archie: 1. You can use an Archie server that is running on your local Internet service provider's system. 2. You can use telnet to connect directly to an Archie server. Some Archie servers are: o archie@archie.ans-net o archie@archie-unl.edu o archie@archie.sura.net 3. You can use Archie by sending an e-mail letter directly to an archie server. To conduct an Archie search via e-mail, you should send an e- mail letter to the Archie server closest to you. Assuming you were interested in Apollo 13, in the body of your letter you would type: o Find Apollo 13 o Set mail to jamiec@mynet.com o Quit Archie servers are sometimes very busy, so sending an e-mail requestis sometimes faster than trying to search online.
Here you'll create or edit a custom page for your Web site. Use this template for any additional information you need such as products, pictures, fan clubs, links or just more information It's important to regularly change the content on your site and make updates to the information that you display. Doing this will help you to get more return visitors. Return Home Lesson 17: Using TELNET on the Internet LEARNING OBJECTIVE: One will learn what TELNET is and how to use it. Telnet is an Internet program that lets you log on to anothercomputer and use it as if it were your own computer. It enables youto network by telephone. This is something that can also be done with just a modem and anold-fashioned communications program. The difference is that youcan log on to a computer in Spain for the price of a local phone call! Using Telnet you type commands into your keyboard that are thensent from your computer to the local Internet service provider. Thenthe commands are sent from your provider to the remote computerthat you want to access. What can I do with Telnet? Browse through directories Connect into huge databases to do research Even log in on to libraries around the world to check if they have a certain book that you are looking for Register for classes Fill out forms to request information and supplies Gain easy entry into the world of Gophers and the World Wide Web site. One downside of Telnet is that when you Telnet to another computer, youhave to use the menus that are set up on that system. They can be a bitstrange and unfamiliar, so often you learn by trial and error. Most Telnet computers will require you to have an account. But they may alsolet you log on as guest or newuser. Once you are accepted into their system, follow the menus to look around -and ask for help when you need it. You will not be able to access all theinformation on these computers because they only make part of theirinformation available to Internet users. This is because these computers arepart of a larger organization, such as a university. University networks onlylet teachers and students who have an account at that university log on tomost of the databases. But they do make available their libraries and otherservices to Internet users who log on as guests. Computers accessible by Telnet are plugged into the Internet to make certainservices available to anyone. Their addresses look a lot like regular Internetaddresses, but they have more numbers in them. For example, this is whata Telnet address looks like: computer.myschooschedul99.1&22.8 These are seven basic steps to having a successful Telnet session: 1. Sign onto the Internet. 2. Launch your telnet program. 3. Enter the telnet address. Telnet addresses, like other Internet addresses, can be either text, such as glis.cr.usgs.gov or numbers 152.61.192.54. The numbers, often referred to as a dotted quad, are just another way to identify a host computer. Every computer logged onto the Internet directly, or through SLIP or PPP connection is identified by a unique dotted quad. 4. Write down important information, such as how to log off and what the escape character is (in case you get stuck or your "terminal" freezes). 5. Enter a username and password. 6. Type commands, or choose numbers from text-based menus to complete your task. 7. Exit or log off the host computer. Dictionary			Lesson 18: Using IRC (Internet Relay Chat) LEARNING OBJECTIVE: One will learn how to use IRC. Internal Relay Chat (IRC) is a program that enables you to hold liveon-line conversations with people around the world. It is somethinglike a global CB radio network that you access via computer. It is afree-for-all place where people speak their minds to whoever willlisten. It is organized into channels that are based on topics. It is afairly new part of the Internet. IRCs allow you to chat in real time with people all over the world, just like you would having a telephone conversation - only this isonline. It's like having a telephone conference call with people in Russia, Mexico, and Australia - all at the same time! One of the main attractions of IRC is that you can create and control your own channels. You can have private online chats with a groupof friends, like getting together at someone's house - only this houseis on the Internet in cyberspace and your guests may be from all overthe world! If you are not using one of the Internet programmme that supports IRC, you can get both Windows and Macintosh shareware programs fromseveral FTP sites on the Internet. After you install the program andconfigure it - following the instructions that come with the program -you must now choose your nickname. This is the name (not yourfull, real name) by which you will be known on the chat channels. Then you call up your Internet provider as you normally do and logon to an IRC Server. (There are many books on the market that can provide lists of IRC servers.) It takes a little getting used to - much of what you see will look likegibberish at first. Do not worry about it. The part that you need to understand will soon become clearer the more time you spendon it. You might find a book that has an example of what you mightsee to help you understand it. Basically, after you log onto the Internet and join a chat (channel), you type something on your computer, and all the other peopletuned into your channel can see it instantly. At any one time, hundreds of channels are buzzing with chatter. You can either joinone of them or create your own.
			Lesson 19: Expressing Feelings and Emotions on the Internet LEARNING OBJECTIVE: One will learn some of the ways people convey feelings, emotions and other things that are difficult to express on the Internet. One of the most interesting things about the Internet is the way people convey feelings and emotions. Because face-to-face electronic chat is still somewhat of a dream for the general public, creative humans have developed their own set of lettersand symbols that represent emotions, feeling, and other things that are tough to express. Those familiar with techno-speak call these symbols emoticons (emotional icons) or simply smileys. Emoticons are lots of fun. You can read most of them by tilting your head 90 degrees left and looking at the symbol. A smile (sideways) looks like this: :-) Neat, eh? Here's a hug: (01 Not happy: :- ( How about: [:-) Wearing a Walkman !?! Or how about designing a list of famous people. Can you guess the following? *<:-) Santa +O<:-) The Pope